Fatimah O. Alghamdi
Foalghamdi@kacst.gov.sa
Hala A. Alamari
halamari@kacst.gov.sa
“Engineering Personalized Organs: 3D Bioprinting for Patient-Specific Transplantation”
Abstract
The current study discusses the recent progress of 3D Bioprinting for personalized organ transplantation. It considers the evolution of bioinks, vascularization solutions, and bioprinting methodologies from 2020 to 2025. It focuses on the combination of engineering, clinical medicine, and AI to enhance precision and biocompatibility. Despite their promising laboratory results, the translation into the clinic is prevented by legal loopholes, expense and ethical reasons. Bottom-up and bottom-down approach is analyzed using qualitative secondary methodology. The report raises important points for collaboration of different fields, the requirement of guidelines, and scalable techniques to translate printed organs to the clinic. It ends with future research prospects regarding vascularization, immune response, and long-term function.
Keywords: 3D bioprinting; organ transplantation; bioinks; regenerative medicine; tissue engineering; vascular networks; clinical translation
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